Passive Voice

Passive voice is a grammatical voice in which the subject receives the action of a transitive verb and passive refers more generally to verbs using this construction and the passages in which they are used.

Passive voice ( kalimat pasif) adalah satu kalimat yang sering digunakan dalam bahasa Inggris maupun bahasa Indonesia, misalnya makan, minum, dan menolong menjadi dimakan, diminum dan ditolong.

Cara membentuk kalimat pasif adalah sebagai berikut :
1. Mengubah objek dalam bentuk aktif menjadi subjek dalam bentuk pasif.
2. Letakkan by sesudah kata kerja utama dalam kalimat pasif sebelum subjek. Namun, dalam keadaan tertentu preposition by tidak diikut sertakan karena teks telah dipahami.
3. Kata kerja yang dipakai adalah verb 3 yang di dahului to be.
4. Susunan kalimatnya disesuaikan tenses.
5. Adapun pola dasar yang dipakai dalam kalimat pasif adalah
To be + past participle ( verb 3)
Contoh : Active : Mary helps me
Passive : I am helped by Mary

Rumus dan Contoh dalam kalimat

1. Present Passive Voice

Tenses Active Passive
Simple Present Tense do/does + verb 1 Is/am/are + verb 3
Present Continuous Tense Is/am/are + verb-ing Is/am/are + being + verb 3
Present Perfect Tense Have/has + verb 3 Have/has + been + verb 3

Simple Present
- Active : I speak English every day
Passive : English is spoken by me everyday
- Active : Do you speak English everyday?
Passive : Is English spoken by you every day ?

Present Continuous Tense
- Active : She is reading a novel
Passive : A novel is being read by her
- Active : Who is reading a novel?
Passive : Who is a novel being read by ?

Present Perfect Tense
- Active : Asri has stidied English
Passive : English has been studied by Asri
- Active : Has Asri studied English?
Passive : Has English been studied Asri?


2. Past Passive Voice

Tenses Active Passive
Simple past tense Did + verb 2 Was/were + verb 3
Past continuous tense Was/were + verb-ing Was/were + being +verb 3
Past perfect tense Had + verb 3 Had + been +verb 3

Simple Past tense
- Active : Asri studied English
Passive : English was studied by Asri
- Active : Did Asri study English?
Passive : Was English studied by Asri?

Past Continuous
- Active : Asri was studying English
Passive : English was being studied by Asri
- Active : Was Asri studying English ?
Passive : Was English being studied by Asri ?

Past Perfect Tense
- Active : Asri had studied English
Passive : English had been studied by Asri
- Active : Had Asri studied English ?
Passive : Had English been studied by Asri?

3. Future Passive Voice

Tense Active Passive
Simple Future Tense Will/shall + be + verb 1 Will/shall + be + verb 3
Future continuous tense Will/shall + be + verb-ing Will/shall + be + being + verb 3
Future perfect tense Will/shall + have + verb 3 Will/shall + have + been + verb 3

Simple Future Tense
- Active : Asri will study English
Passive : English will be studied by Asri
- Active : Will Asri study English ?
Passive : Will English be studied by Asri ?

Future Continuous Tense
- Active : Asri will be studying English
Passive : Will English be being studied by Asri
- Active : Will Asri study English ?
Passive : Will English be studied by Asri?





Future Perfect Tense
- Active : Asri will have studied English
Passive : English will have been studied by Asri
- Active : Will Asri have studied English?
Passive : Will English have been studied by Asri?

4. Modal Auxiliary Passive Voice

Active Passive
Can
May
Will
Must
Shall
Ought to Could
Might
Would
Had to
Should
Ought to

Contoh :
- Active : Asri can speak English
Passive : English can be spoken by Asri
- Active : Who can speak English?
Passive : Who can English be spoken by?